The two hundred survivors are sold into slavery.
Various Algonquian tribes inhabited the area prior to European settlement. The Dutch were the first Europeans in Connecticut. In 1614 Adriaen Block explored the coast of Long Island Sound, and sailed up the Connecticut River at least as far as the confluence of the Park River, site of modern Hartford, Connecticut. By 1623, the new Dutch West India Company regularly traded for furs there and ten years later they fortified it for protection from the Pequot Indians as well as from the expanding English colonies. They fortified the site, which was named "House of Hope" (also identified as "Fort Hoop", "Good Hope" and "Hope"), but encroaching English colonization made them agree to withdraw in the Treaty of Hartford, and by 1654 they were gone.
The first English colonists came from the Bay Colony and Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts, and they settled at Windsor in 1633, Wethersfield (1634), and, led by Thomas Hooker, Hartford (1636). The Bay colony also built Fort Saybrook at the mouth of the River in 1636. Another Puritan group started the New Haven Colony in 1637. The Massachusetts colonies did not seek to absorb their progeny in Connecticut and Rhode Island into the Massachusetts governments. Communication and travel was too difficult, and it was also convenient to have a place for nonconformists to go.
The English settlement and trading post at Windsor especially threatened the Dutch trade, since it was upriver and more accessible to the Indians from the interior. That fall and winter the Dutch sent a party upriver as far as modern Springfield, Massachusetts spreading gifts to convince the Indians to bring their trade to the Dutch post at Hartford. Unfortunately, they also spread smallpox and, by the end of the 1633-34 winter, the Indian population of the entire valley was reduced from over 8,000 to less than 2,000. This left the fertile valley wide open to further settlement.
The Pequot War was the first serious armed conflict between the indigenous peoples and the settlers in New England. The ravages of disease, coupled with trade pressures invited the Pequots to tighten their hold on the river tribes. Additional incidents began to involve the colonists in the area, in 1635, and next spring their raid on Wethersfield prompted the three towns to meet. Following the raid on Wethersfield, the war climaxed when 1000 Pequot men, women, and children were burned out of their village, hunted down and massacred.
On May 1, 1637, they each sent delegates to the first General Court held at the meeting house in Hartford. This was the start of self government in Connecticut. They pooled their militia under the command of John Mason of Windsor, and declared war on the Pequots. When the war was over, there were officially no more Pequots. The Treaty of Hartford in 1638 reached agreements with the other tribes that gave the colonists the Pequot lands.
Monday, May 26, 2008
Cherokee Nation Honors Citizens for Their Military Service
Press Release
TAHLEQUAH, OK — The Cherokee Nation recently honored 11 citizens for their military service and the sacrifices they have made for the Cherokee Nation and the United States.
“We appreciate so much the dedication and the commitment the all of our service men and women have provided to our tribe and county,” said Chad Smith Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation. “It is important to recognize these individuals for their dedication to the Cherokee Nation, our country and citizens. I commend each of these soldiers for the service that all of them have provided to us and congratulate them on all of them for their military accomplishments.”
Individuals honored were Lloyd P. Miller, Sr., Lloyd P. Miller, Jr., Gloria Miller Jones, Glen Miller, David L. Miller, Stephen A. Miller, R. Andrew Holt, Jr., Tania Sue Holt, Joseph Fourkiller, Cleo Deerinwater and Bobby Rogers.
There's more here: http://www.cherokee.org/PressRoom/2591/Story.aspx
TAHLEQUAH, OK — The Cherokee Nation recently honored 11 citizens for their military service and the sacrifices they have made for the Cherokee Nation and the United States.
“We appreciate so much the dedication and the commitment the all of our service men and women have provided to our tribe and county,” said Chad Smith Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation. “It is important to recognize these individuals for their dedication to the Cherokee Nation, our country and citizens. I commend each of these soldiers for the service that all of them have provided to us and congratulate them on all of them for their military accomplishments.”
Individuals honored were Lloyd P. Miller, Sr., Lloyd P. Miller, Jr., Gloria Miller Jones, Glen Miller, David L. Miller, Stephen A. Miller, R. Andrew Holt, Jr., Tania Sue Holt, Joseph Fourkiller, Cleo Deerinwater and Bobby Rogers.
There's more here: http://www.cherokee.org/PressRoom/2591/Story.aspx
Authentic tepee being designed, built in Seeley to honor Blackfeet heritage
By: Kim Briggeman
Stretched out on the floor of the elementary school gym Thursday morning was what, in the next two days, will become an authentic 20-foot tepee, and a significant tip of the hat to the Blackfeet heritage of the Blackfoot Valley.
“The design we put on this tepee, it gives the spiritual support, the emotional support, the mental support, the physical support that the family requires for healthy living,” said Leonard Weasel Traveller, a Northern Piegan from Calgary.
As grade school and high school classes took turns watching, and locals trickled in to see the progress, Weasel Traveller, his wife Audrey, and Carol Murray of Browning quietly and carefully sketched out the design.
This one will be unique to Seeley, Leonard Weasel Traveller explained.
They'll spend Friday painting it in the gym, then erect it in traditional fashion next to the Seeley Lake Historical Society Museum south of town.
On Saturday, the painters, including Murray's husband John, will don the traditional dress of their people for a Blackfeet Indian lodge dedication ceremony.
The tepee - or, more properly, lodge - will be a permanent fixture at the museum.
“It will be lighted from the inside so it'll show up at night. And we're eventually going to have a brass plaque made that will explain the design that on it,” said Nancy Lambert, secretary of the Seeley Lake Historical Society.
As of Thursday, the design and its significance were still emerging.
Leonard Weasel Traveller gave a few hints. He pointed to circles near the smoke flaps that represented the seven stars of the Big Dipper on one side, and six stars of the Pleiades on the other. Beneath them was the morning star. All along the bottom fringe, figures were sketched to represent stars and mountains.
Before the painting began, the silhouettes of four beavers were added.
“Our way of life is having a relationship with the cosmic, with the flora and fauna and living with that relationship,” Leonard Weasel Traveller said. “And so the design of this particular tepee is a beaver lodge.”
Want to know more? Click here: http://www.missoulian.com/articles/2008/05/23/news/mtregional/news06.txt
Stretched out on the floor of the elementary school gym Thursday morning was what, in the next two days, will become an authentic 20-foot tepee, and a significant tip of the hat to the Blackfeet heritage of the Blackfoot Valley.
“The design we put on this tepee, it gives the spiritual support, the emotional support, the mental support, the physical support that the family requires for healthy living,” said Leonard Weasel Traveller, a Northern Piegan from Calgary.
As grade school and high school classes took turns watching, and locals trickled in to see the progress, Weasel Traveller, his wife Audrey, and Carol Murray of Browning quietly and carefully sketched out the design.
This one will be unique to Seeley, Leonard Weasel Traveller explained.
They'll spend Friday painting it in the gym, then erect it in traditional fashion next to the Seeley Lake Historical Society Museum south of town.
On Saturday, the painters, including Murray's husband John, will don the traditional dress of their people for a Blackfeet Indian lodge dedication ceremony.
The tepee - or, more properly, lodge - will be a permanent fixture at the museum.
“It will be lighted from the inside so it'll show up at night. And we're eventually going to have a brass plaque made that will explain the design that on it,” said Nancy Lambert, secretary of the Seeley Lake Historical Society.
As of Thursday, the design and its significance were still emerging.
Leonard Weasel Traveller gave a few hints. He pointed to circles near the smoke flaps that represented the seven stars of the Big Dipper on one side, and six stars of the Pleiades on the other. Beneath them was the morning star. All along the bottom fringe, figures were sketched to represent stars and mountains.
Before the painting began, the silhouettes of four beavers were added.
“Our way of life is having a relationship with the cosmic, with the flora and fauna and living with that relationship,” Leonard Weasel Traveller said. “And so the design of this particular tepee is a beaver lodge.”
Want to know more? Click here: http://www.missoulian.com/articles/2008/05/23/news/mtregional/news06.txt
Mi-Wuk tribal leaders worry bypass work may threaten artifacts
By: Sean Janssen
A seven-week archaeological survey uncovering American Indian artifacts on the Highway 4 bypass may have wrapped up nicely, but an overseer from the Calaveras Band of Mi-Wuk Indians is concerned about future finds as construction work continues.
Debra Grimes, cultural resources specialist for the tribe, praised Caltrans for performing "to the best of their ability to do the best job possible" in preserving and honoring artifacts uncovered during the documentation and ethnological history phase of archaeological work performed by Far Western Archaeological Research Group of Davis.
"The archaeological part was a really wonderful working relationship," Grimes said.
However, Grimes said working with Sacramento-based Teichert Construction, a company the tribe has had no prior relationship with, has been more difficult. She said she is concerned about the speed with which the company's work is progressing and expressed fear that a future serious find may not be handled properly.
"We came across a human tooth but no skeletal remains," Grimes said of an earlier find, also mentioning discovery of funerary objects. "I'd be very surprised if we don't find a burial ground soon."
Teichert spokeswoman Becky Sabin said the company is sensitive to concerns regarding historical artifacts or remains.
Keep reading here: http://www.uniondemocrat.com/news/story.cfm?story_no=26662
A seven-week archaeological survey uncovering American Indian artifacts on the Highway 4 bypass may have wrapped up nicely, but an overseer from the Calaveras Band of Mi-Wuk Indians is concerned about future finds as construction work continues.
Debra Grimes, cultural resources specialist for the tribe, praised Caltrans for performing "to the best of their ability to do the best job possible" in preserving and honoring artifacts uncovered during the documentation and ethnological history phase of archaeological work performed by Far Western Archaeological Research Group of Davis.
"The archaeological part was a really wonderful working relationship," Grimes said.
However, Grimes said working with Sacramento-based Teichert Construction, a company the tribe has had no prior relationship with, has been more difficult. She said she is concerned about the speed with which the company's work is progressing and expressed fear that a future serious find may not be handled properly.
"We came across a human tooth but no skeletal remains," Grimes said of an earlier find, also mentioning discovery of funerary objects. "I'd be very surprised if we don't find a burial ground soon."
Teichert spokeswoman Becky Sabin said the company is sensitive to concerns regarding historical artifacts or remains.
Keep reading here: http://www.uniondemocrat.com/news/story.cfm?story_no=26662
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